Sending-or-not-sending twin-field quantum key distribution with redundant space

Sending-or-not-sending twin-field quantum key distribution with redundant space

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We propose to adopt redundant space such as polarization rubbermaid 8 gallon trash can mode in the sending-or-not-sending twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) in the Fock space.With the help of redundant space such as photon polarization, we can postselect events according to the outcome of the observation to the additional 3 piece horse wall art quantity.This compresses the bit-flip error rate in the postselected events of the SNS protocol.The calculation shows that the method using redundant space can greatly improve the performance in practical TF-QKD, especially when the total number of pulses is small.